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Typology of Tragic Flaws in Sophocles' Plays from the Perspective of Ivan Pavlov's Behaviorism (A Case Study Antigone)
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Mina Goodarzi1   , Meysam Yazdi |
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Abstract: (95 Views) |
The term "tragic" refers to a particular aspect of the world and life in which humans struggle against forces that overpower and ultimately destroy them, or at least reveal their helplessness and misfortune. The issue addressed in this research is the typology of tragic errors in Sophocles' plays from the perspective of Ivan Pavlov's behaviorism. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the material collection method is library-based. A review of Sophocles' biography reveals that he was pessimistic about life, and this pessimistic spirit is reflected in his works. Examining tragedy leads us to conclude that tragedy is always inevitable, especially in Greek and classical tragedy, which depicts human powerlessness in the face of what is written in the heavens. Sophocles had a firm belief in fate. In a tragic work, fate often manifests itself more palpably through the mask of logic and natural circumstances, completing the hero's downfall. The result of this research shows that in Greek tragedies, we encounter a form of cosmic justice and fate that seems foreign to us. Oedipus punishes himself for his unwitting sin. Antigone pays for the deeds of her family members. Prometheus suffers due to his benevolence, and Ajax becomes a plaything of the gods' whims.
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| Keywords: tragic flaws (hamartia), Sophocles, behaviorism, Antigone, Aristotle, Ivan Pavlov |
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Full-Text [PDF 786 kb]
(88 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/02/17 | Accepted: 2024/12/30
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